Table of Contents
Introduction
Hunter jumper isn't a single discipline, it's actually two distinct but related equestrian sports: hunters and jumpers.
Hunters are judged on style, form, elegance, and rider's skills. Jumpers are judged purely on speed and accuracy over fences. Both involve horses jumping obstacles, but the judging criteria, riding styles, and competition goals differ significantly.
What Does "Hunter Jumper" Mean?
"Hunter jumper" combines two separate English riding disciplines that share jumping as a common element and include equitation classes .
The term originated because many barns, trainers, and competitions feature both disciplines. So, riders often train and compete in either, and horses might compete in each division depending on their abilities.
The Hunter Discipline
Hunters emphasize elegance, consistency, and making jumping look effortless.
This discipline derives from traditional fox hunting. Modern hunter classes replicate this style in arena settings with judging based on overall impression, style, jumping form, pace consistency, manners, and horse's jumping ability.
Hunter courses feature natural-looking jumps in earth tones set at specific distances to create even striding. Judges score subjectively on a scale of 0-100, with deductions for faults like awkward jumping, inconsistent pace, or hitting rails.
The Jumper Discipline
Jumpers focus entirely on clearing fences without penalties, with speed as the tiebreaker.
Show jumping tests the horse’s athleticism and the rider’s technical skills. Faults are for knocking down a rail, refusals, or falls. The horse-and-rider team with the fewest faults wins in the jumper ring, with faster rounds prevailing in ties.
Jumper courses use brightly colored fences with heights and spreads designed to challenge athletic ability. Courses include tight turns and combinations testing accuracy. Divisions range from beginner (2-2.5 feet) to Grand Prix (5+ feet).
Key Differences: Hunter vs Jumper
The fundamental difference comes down to judging philosophy. Hunters reward how you jump. Jumpers reward whether you jump cleanly and quickly.
Hunter vs. Jumper Show Attire
Proper attire for any hunter jumper equestrian competition is obligatory. While many of the items are similar or even identical, there are several distinctions between the disciplines.
Helmet
Use ASTM/SEI-certified helmets in all competitions. Black or dark navy velvet helmets are standard attire for hunters. Black is acceptable in jumpers, though one may choose a velvet finish or a different material. Replace helmets with any impact or every five years.
Show Shirt
Show shirts are typically white, light blue, or subtle patterns with a collar. Hunters require more conservative styling, while jumpers allow slightly more fashion-forward designs. Shirts must be tucked in and wrinkle-free.
Stock Tie
The stock tie is a simple white or cream cravat worn around the neck and secured with a plain gold pin. Stock ties are typically only required for hunters derbys. The tie must be knotted flat and symmetrical, with the pin horizontally aligned.
Show Coat
Show coats are required for most classes. Any shade of navy, black, velvet, dark green, or grey is suitable. The coats have a conservative appearance, and hunters wear these colors to be fully acceptable. Coats should fit properly and be clean and pressed.
Breeches
Breeches are specialized riding pants that fit to just above the ankle. Tan, beige, rust, or grey are standard colors, with hunters typically requiring lighter shades. They must be clean without stains or holes.
Riding Boots
Tall black leather riding boots are standard for both disciplines. Boots should be polished very brightly and shiny, especially in hunter classes. Field boots, which have leggings and laces up the front, or dress boots, which have plain legs, are also approved.
Riding Gloves
Leather gloves secure the rider’s hand and fingers. The competition generally wears black, brown, or tan leather gloves. While they are not required, the gloves help the rider keep the reins in hand and provide a more professional appearance.
How to Get Started in Hunter Jumper Horse Riding
Getting started in horse hunter jumper requires finding the right instruction and facilities. Look for barns specializing in hunter jumper training with certified instructors. Start with regular lessons on school horses before considering ownership or leasing. Master flat work before progressing to fences.
Begin with ground poles and crossrails, gradually advancing as skills develop. Rushing progression increases injury risk. Spectate at local shows before competing, then enter beginner classes when ready.
Tips & Best Practices for Riders
Success in hunter jumping requires dedication, attention to detail, and the rider's ability.
Being a successful rider in hunter jumping involves dedication and the need to care for details. Focusing on riding position is key, the right leg position, balanced seat, and effective hand use are critical. Practice regularly, as consistency matters more than intensity. Study successful riders at shows to learn about this riding discipline.
Conclusion
The world of hunter jumpers includes two unique equestrian sports, hunters and jumpers. The hunters are graded primarily on appearance and manner, and the jumpers must achieve clear rounds and speed.
Both require proper attire including helmets, show shirts, stock ties, show coats, breeches, riding boots, and riding gloves. Getting started requires qualified instruction, solid foundational skills, and gradual progression.
Whether you're more interested in hunters or jumpers, hunter jumper riding offers rewarding challenges. Start by finding a reputable barn, taking regular lessons, and immersing yourself in the hunter jumper equestrian community.
FAQs
What is the difference between hunter and jumper classes?+
Hunter classes are judged subjectively on style, form, and elegance over fences. Judges score based on how smoothly and beautifully the horse jumps. Jumper classes are judged objectively on faults and time, only whether rails are knocked down and how quickly the course is completed matters. Hunters reward making difficult riding look easy. Jumpers reward athletic ability and speed regardless of style.
What are common faults in hunter classes?+
Common faults include knocking down rails, inconsistent pace between jumps, refusals or run-outs, breaking gait, landing on the wrong lead, crooked approaches to fences, and harsh aids from the rider. Judges also penalize horses that jump awkwardly, chip in extra strides, or jump flat rather than in a proper arc. Manners matter, and pinned ears, tail swishing, or resistance result in lower scores.
What does "hunter" mean in horseback riding?+
In horseback riding, "hunter" refers to a discipline derived from traditional fox hunting. The term describes horses and riding styles that replicate the smooth, efficient jumping required during actual hunts across varied terrain. Modern hunter classes evaluate whether a horse moves and jumps in a manner suitable for hunting, such as consistency, elegance, and good manners. The discipline emphasizes making jumping look natural and effortless, and training to use the horse effectively.
What do riders wear in hunter jumper competitions?+
Riders wear ASTM-certified helmets, conservative show shirts (usually white or light blue), stock ties with pins, properly fitted show coats in traditional colors, knee patch breeches (tan or grey for hunters), tall polished riding boots, and riding gloves. All attire should be clean, pressed, and in good repair. Hunters typically require more conservative, traditional styling, while jumpers allow slightly more variety. Proper turnout demonstrates respect for the sport and professionalism.
